2022年浙江自考英语国家概况复习资料（二十三）

　　2. Administration in Great Britain is handled by separate executive agencies of the Department of Social Security. In Northern Ireland by the Social Security Agency.

　　大不列颠的社会保险由社会保险部独立执行机构管理，在北爱尔兰则是社会保险局。

　　3. contributory social security benefits， it include：（ 1） retirement pension； （2） unemployment pension； （3） sickness and invalidity benefit and （4） Maternity allowance and widows‘s benefits.

　　需要先交费的社会安全福利（个人有工作收入时交，无收入时领），其中包括：退休金，失业金，病残福利金，孕产期补助金，寡妇补助金。

　　4. non-contributory social security benefits， it include： （1） war pensions；（2） industrial injuries disablement benefit；（3） child benefit and （4） family credit..

　　不需要先交费的福利金，包括战争伤亡抚恤金，工伤致残救济金，儿童补助金，低收入家庭补助金。

　　III. Religion宗教.

　　1. Everyone in Britain has the right to religious freedom with out interference from the community or the State. He may change his religion at will may manifest his faith in teaching， worship and observance. Except that the Lord Chancellor may be a Roman Catholic， public offices are open without distinction to members of all churches or none.

　　在英国，人人都有信仰宗教的权利，社会和政府不得干涉。他可以随意改变宗教信仰，可以在教职，礼拜或仪式中表明他的信仰。除了娃哈哈官不可以是罗马天主教徒外，公共职务对各种信仰或没有信仰的人一律公开。.

　　2. Established churches

　　国教

　　There are two established church in Britain： in England the church of England and Scotland the Church of England.

　　英国有两大国教，在英格兰是英格兰国教，苏格兰是苏格兰教会（长老教）。

　　3. Church of England is uniquely related to the Crown in that the Sovereign must be a member of that Church and as “Defender of the Faith”。 The Church is also linked with the State through the House of loads. The church of England is not free to change its form of worship， as laid down in the Book of Common Prayer without the consent of Parliament.

　　英格兰国教与君主有独特的联系。因为君主作为“国教的捍卫者”必须是此教会的一员，他在登基时必须承诺维持国教。国教还通过上议院与政府联系。没有议会同意，英格兰教会不可随意改变“国教祈祷书”中规定的礼拜仪式。

　　4. The government of