2022年浙江自考英语国家概况复习资料第十七章：美国历史（三）

Chapter 17 American History(III) in post-W.W.II Era(1945-1980S)

必背细节

1. On Feb 22,1946,George Kennan, a high-ranking official in the American embassy to Moscow, wrote in the telegram that the U.S.policy should be vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies. Later the containment policy became the official policy towards the Soviet Union.1946年2月22日，美国驻苏联大使乔治。凯南在他的电报中主张对苏联采取遏制。

2． The open declaration of the containment policy was made by President Truman on March 12,1949 in a speech to the joint session of congress.1949年3月12日杜鲁门总统在国会联席会议上公开宣布了遏制。

3． In order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the U.S.decided to offer Western European countries economic aid. This later came to be called the Marshall plan.为了保护西欧不受苏联扩张影响，美国决定给予西欧国家经济支援，此举后来被称作“马歇尔计划。”

4． The North Atlantic Treaty, which was signed on April 4,1949,marked the beginning of U.S.efforts in setting up a military alliance around the Soviet Union and its allies.美国于1949年4月4日签订的北大西洋公约标志着美国开始致力于在苏联及其盟国周围建立军事同盟。

5． When the Korean War broke out in June,1950,Truman sent the 7th Fleet to the Taiwan Straits to prevent the PLA from liberating Taiwan.1950年6月朝鲜战争爆发，美国杜鲁门政府第七舰队进驻台湾海峡，阻止中国人民解放军解放台湾。

6． The Montgomery boycott was led by Martin Luther King, Jr,a young black clergyman who later became a national leader of the Civil Rights movement.1955年的蒙哥马利抵制公共汽车公司运动由小马丁。路德。金领导，他是一个黑人牧师，后来成为民权运动的全国领导人。

7． Since 1945 the United States had entered a twenty-five-year economic boom.T